Closing an IIS early: what goes back to the budget and what is lost along with the term

The law does not forbid closing a new-style individual investment account before the minimum term, but doing so means giving up both tax breaks at once. The contribution deductions you have already received will have to be returned to the budget with late-payment interest, and the deduction on income does not apply at all when the account is closed. There is one exception — withdrawing money to pay for costly medical treatment. In every other case it is impossible to take out part of the money and keep the account open: any other withdrawal means closure.

What follows is only about the cost of exit. How the account works as a whole, which securities can be bought on it and where the term comes from is described in the core piece on the third-type IIS; only what is needed for the calculation has been taken from there. The legal basis is the Federal Law "On the Securities Market", its article on individual investment accounts, as regards the contract itself, and Article 219.2 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation as regards tax.

Which term counts as early

The minimum term depends on the year in which the contract was opened. For an account opened in 2026 it is 5 years — the same as for contracts of 2024 and 2025. Accounts opened later have a longer term: by law it lengthens with each subsequent year of opening until it reaches the upper limit.

A consequence follows that is easy to miss: the term is tied to the contract, not to the person. By closing a 2026 account and opening a new one later, the holder gets not a continuation of the earlier count but a new one — and a longer one. The lost years do not enter the cost of exit as money, but they are a price too.

The count does not start again in two cases. Transferring the account to another broker or asset manager preserves the term. Converting an old-type account into an IIS-3 credits the term of the old contract, but only within the limits set by law. Both routes are covered in the piece on how to open and transfer an IIS-3.

What the cost of exit is made of

Early closure has neither a fee nor a penalty with an amount known in advance. The cost is assembled from components, and they differ very widely from one holder to another.

Returning the contribution deductions. The contribution deduction is a refund of tax that the holder has already paid on other income, at the rate at which it was paid. Its base is capped: no more than RUB 400,000 a year. On early closure, everything that was refunded over the life of the account goes back to the budget. There is nothing to estimate here: it is enough to add up the amounts the tax authority actually transferred. Where each of them comes from, and when there turns out to be nothing to return, is shown in the piece on IIS-3 deductions.

Late-payment interest. Late-payment interest is added to the amount being returned. It is the only component that cannot be taken from your own documents. How it accrues and from what date is determined by the Tax Code, and the wording in force has to be checked as of the day of closure; this piece does not give the formula for the interest.

Tax on the result. When the account is closed on time, the deduction on income applies: the positive result on the account is exempt from tax as long as the limit — RUB 30m — is not exceeded. On early closure this break is not available, and the result is subject to personal income tax in the ordinary way: 13% within an annual tax base of RUB 2.4m and 15% on the excess. You can estimate this amount from your own trades in the tax calculator.

What is not in the cost of exit. Dividends. Tax on them is withheld at payment, and the income break at account closure does not cover them. So an early exit adds nothing to that tax. A portfolio whose income comes mainly as dividends loses less from the vanished break than a portfolio that has risen in price. Payouts on the shares held on the account are gathered in the dividends section.

What the calculator will show and what you will have to add up yourself

The IIS-3 calculator works out the other side of the same sum — how much the account brings in over an ordinary brokerage account if it is held to term: the deduction on contributions, the exempt income and the difference in hand, with a year-by-year table. This is exactly the benefit that a holder closing the account early gives up. If you set a term shorter than the minimum, the calculator does not print a benefit but explains why there will be none: showing a number the person will not receive would be to mislead them.

The calculator does not produce the cost of exit itself, and that is an honest limitation. The refunded deductions are known only to you, the late-payment interest depends on the wording of the law on the day of closure, and the calculator's computation is arithmetic at a constant rate of return, which a real account never has. The procedure is this: add up the refunds received, estimate the tax on the result from the broker's report, check how the late-payment interest accrues and compare the total with the calculator's benefit for the remaining years.

The exception for costly medical treatment

Paying for costly medical treatment is the only ground on which money can be withdrawn before the term without losing the tax breaks. The list of such types of treatment is approved by the Government. No other life circumstances are included in the exception: neither a loss of income nor a major purchase falls within it.

What this piece does not assert is the detail: whose treatment counts, which documents confirm it and how the money reaches the medical organisation. That is determined by the Government's act and by the contract with the broker or asset manager. The procedure is to be clarified with the intermediary before the withdrawal order is submitted, not after, and against the current wording of the list, not a retelling of it.

When closing is not necessary

The reason for leaving often does not require leaving at all. If the intermediary is unsatisfactory, the account is transferred to another one without losing the term. If a regular inflow of money is needed, dividends can be received into a separate bank account; the law on this was signed in 2024, and whether such a setting is available is written in the contract. The dates of the nearest record dates are gathered in the corporate events calendar.

Anxiety about the reliability of the intermediary is a separate matter: since 1 January 2026 a system for guaranteeing accounts has been in operation, and a broker's participation in it is voluntary. What it covers and what it does not is examined in the piece on insurance protection for the IIS-3.

But if the whole amount is needed, and not for treatment, only closure remains. Then the question is no longer the cost of exit but whether the account was suitable for this money from the very start — the subject of the comparison of an IIS and an ordinary brokerage account.

Who this calculation does not suit

Those who did not receive the contribution deduction — there was no taxable income, or the deduction was not claimed. There is nothing to return, the late-payment interest has nothing to accrue on, and the cost of exit comes down to the tax on the result and the lost term. For this case the calculator has the option "I pay no personal income tax — no deduction on contributions": only the income exemption remains in the calculation.

Those whose account is showing a loss. While the result is negative, the income break has nothing to exempt, and the cost of exit today is the return of the deductions with late-payment interest; whether the account will still be in loss by the end of the term is unknown.

Holders of old-type accounts opened before 1 January 2024 and not converted. Everything said here describes the new-style account; the terms of an old contract are checked separately.

And everyone — with a caveat about time. The term for new contracts is growing, the list of treatments is approved by the Government, and the deduction limits are changed by the legislator. The figures in this text are given as of the date it was prepared, and the wording of the rules has to be reread in the version in force before an order is submitted.

The calculation answers the question of how much an exit costs today. It does not answer another question: which weighs more — this amount or the years remaining until the term, during which the money cannot be touched. That one the account holder decides for themselves.